🇫🇷 Libération
France · FR · https://www.liberation.fr
About Libération
Libération was founded in 1973 by Jean-Paul Sartre and Serge July, initially with a non-hierarchical staff ownership structure. Over time, it has seen various private investors, including Édouard de Rothschild and telecommunications magnate Patrick Drahi (Altice). As of 2020, Altice established an endowment fund, transitioning Libération into a non-profit company, with profits to be donated to charities. In 2022, Daniel Kretinsky also provided a significant loan to the outlet.
Libération is an established French daily newspaper, founded with a far-left orientation that evolved into a center-left stance. Media Bias/Fact Check rates it as 'Left-Center biased' with 'High factual reporting' due to proper sourcing and a clean fact-check record. The outlet is known for its 'liberal libertarian' DNA, defending freedoms and minorities, and has a history of acting as a 'counter-power'. It operates a dedicated fact-checking section called 'CheckNews' and is a registered fact checker of the IFCN. The headline sample reflects a broad coverage of current events, social issues, and international news, consistent with a major daily newspaper with a left-leaning editorial perspective.
French Premier Unveils Reversible Budget Amidst Farmer Support and Corporate Tax Plans
- French Prime Minister outlines key measures for the upcoming finance bill, focusing on farmer support and corporate taxation. - The Prime Minister explicitly rules out any candidacy for the upcoming…
After Hubble and James Webb, the Nancy Grace Roman Telescope Will Observe Space in Very High Definition
- NASA will launch the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope on August 30, featuring a significantly wider field of vision than Hubble and James Webb. - Positioned 1.5 million kilometers from Earth, the t…
Donating Breast Milk in France Has Been Possible Since the 19th Century
- A new book by researcher Mathilde Cohen explores the history of lactariums, or human milk banks, in France. - These cooperatives, which facilitate the donation and distribution of breast milk, have …
A Year After Suicide, Colleagues Still Shocked by Caroline Grandjean's Death, Investigation Stalled
- Over 200 people gathered in Aurillac to honor Caroline Grandjean, a school principal who died by suicide a year ago. - Grandjean was allegedly harassed due to her homosexuality, and her loved ones a…
Fuel prices: TotalEnergies to maintain cap 'as long as conflict lasts'
- TotalEnergies will continue capping fuel prices at its service stations for the duration of the conflict. - The price cap is costing the company between 250 and 300 million euros. - CEO Patrick Pouy…
Madrid leader embarrassed by luxury apartment purchase
- Isabel Díaz Ayuso, a prominent conservative opposition figure in Madrid, faces scrutiny over her institution's purchase of a luxury apartment. - The 6.3 million euro property acquisition is controve…
Graphic Terror support groups: 'Hello, my name is Jean-Grouin and I am a survivor'
- The article explores the concept of support groups, emphasizing the benefit of speaking out. - It specifically focuses on groups referred to as 'Graphic Terror' support groups. - The opening quote, …
Jean-Philippe Husté: The mysterious, omnipresent godfather of the far-right
- Jean-Philippe Husté is described as a discreet but omnipresent figure within France's radical far-right. - He has been observed in the company of violent activists, visiting the alleged killer of a …
France Inter's Editorial Team Protests Hiring of Far-Right Magazine Executive
- France Inter's editorial staff and unions are protesting the decision to feature a weekly editorial by the head of the far-right magazine "Valeurs actuelles" on its morning show. - Management claims…
Political Rollercoaster: From Presidential Hopefuls to Dolly Parton
- The cartoonist captures the week's events in a satirical drawing. - The subjects range from presidential candidates to the iconic singer Dolly Parton. - The piece offers a visual commentary on the d…
After Six Months of War in Iran, U.S. Army Weakened and Rivals Watch
- A six-month war in Iran has significantly depleted U.S. strategic ammunition stocks. - The ongoing conflict, which President Trump struggles to conclude, is weakening the American military. - This s…
Sophie Binet accuses Medef of prioritizing profit, enabling far-right
- CGT leader Sophie Binet accuses French employers' group Medef of prioritizing profit over social concerns. - Binet claims Medef's focus on economic policy is normalizing the far-right National Rally…
In Bangladesh, the gas crisis leads to economic asphyxiation
- Bangladesh is experiencing a severe gas crisis due to depleted domestic resources and increased global LNG competition. - The crisis, exacerbated by the war in Iran, is disrupting daily life and thr…
France Intensifies Fight Against Toxic Algae in Brittany 18 Months After Court Order
- French authorities are intensifying efforts to combat toxic green algae in Brittany, 18 months after a court order mandated action. - The prefecture is focusing on the most polluting farms and imple…
Concerts Go First Class: The Luxury Boxes of Fortune
- Major concert venues are expanding premium hospitality services, including fast-track access, lounges, and buffets. - These exclusive spaces are being rented out at very high prices. - The trend ref…
Divers Monitor Gorgonian Corals Off Marseille Coast
- Volunteer divers are monitoring the health of gorgonian corals, crucial for marine biodiversity, off the coast of Marseille. - The dives explore depths from the surface down to 40 meters to assess t…
Sonia Mabrouk and Benjamin Duhamel: A Banter Between Defectors
- A discussion arises between journalists Sonia Mabrouk and Benjamin Duhamel regarding channel transitions. - Duhamel, a former BFM journalist now at France Inter, questioned Mabrouk about her move to…
US and Venezuela announce 'historic' oil deal with 'proven potential of 65 billion barrels'
- The United States and Venezuela have announced a historic oil agreement, granting the U.S. control over an estimated 65 billion barrels of Venezuelan oil reserves. - President Donald Trump stated th…
"My belly, I show it, I won't hide it!" On social media, midsize women embrace their bodies
- Midsize women are increasingly claiming their bodies on social media, challenging traditional beauty standards. - This movement, aligned with body positivity, celebrates women who wear sizes 40-44, …
Nepal floods: Death toll rises to 633, nearly 3,000 missing
- The death toll from severe floods and mudslides in Nepal and Tibet has climbed to 633, with nearly 3,000 people still missing. - The disaster struck Himalayan valleys on Wednesday, causing widesprea…
Philosopher Pascal Chabot: 'We live in digital capsules that distance us from the Enlightenment ideal'
- Philosopher Pascal Chabot argues that digital capsules isolate individuals, moving them away from Enlightenment ideals. - He proposes a return to non-utilitarian connections to counter the pervasive…
Climate Change Fueling Far-Right Extremism, French Paper Suggests
- The article questions whether the far-right needs to be addressed before its influence grows globally. - It links the rise of the far-right to environmental concerns, suggesting a need for "decarbon…
Nepal floods: Indian families await news of missing pilgrims
- Deadly mudslides in northern Nepal on August 26 claimed the lives of many Indian pilgrims. - Families in India are anxiously awaiting news of their missing loved ones. - The disaster highlights the …
New Releases: Amandine Agić, Salomé Esper, Patrick Roegiers...
- This article announces new book releases by authors Amandine Agić, Salomé Esper, and Patrick Roegiers. - It offers brief, evocative descriptions of the themes or settings within these new works. - T…
corto.alto releases 'short.high': A creative fusion of jazz, hip-hop, and electronic music
- Scottish artist Liam Shortall, performing as corto.alto, has released his second album, titled 'short.high.' - The album is described as a creative and free-spirited fusion of jazz, hip-hop, and ele…
"Zero Homeless Children This Winter": Paris Aims to Create 4,000 Shelter Spots
- Paris Mayor Emmanuel Grégoire aims to eliminate homelessness this winter by creating 4,000 new shelter spaces. - The initiative seeks to match the number of available spots with the estimated number…
Socialists in Blois Focused Solely on Primary Election
- Socialists gathered for their summer universities in Blois, with the upcoming primary election dominating discussions. - The primary, scheduled for October 10 and 16, was the main focus despite Oliv…
Berlin Hit by Bitcoin Blackmail After Cyberattack
- Berlin has been targeted by a cyberattack involving ransomware. - Attackers are demanding approximately 2 million Euros in Bitcoin. - The group is known for using software to block access to data un…
Nepal Mudslide: Experts Investigate Cause Amidst Earthquake, Glacial Lake, or Landslide Theories
- Scientists are investigating the cause of a deadly mudslide in Nepal using various data sources. - Potential causes include an earthquake, a glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF), or a large-scale land…
French village bistros fight to survive against abandonment
- Village bistros in France are crucial social centers, combating feelings of abandonment that can be exploited by far-right politics. - These establishments serve as vital community hubs, preserving …
"The Daughter of Mars" by Carla Demierre: A medium and extraterrestrials
- "The Daughter of Mars" by Carla Demierre explores the life of Genevan medium Elise Müller. - Müller gained international fame in the late 21st century through her trances and paintings. - The book i…
From Gaza to Dieulefit, the refuge of Palestinian poet Alaa Al-Qatrawi
- Palestinian poet Alaa Al-Qatrawi has arrived in France after losing her four children in Gaza. - Her evacuation was facilitated by a correspondence with a market gardener-philosopher in the Drôme re…
Réunion: Edouard Philippe's comments on colonization spark controversy
- Edouard Philippe's recent remarks in Réunion, where he declined to label colonization as a 'crime,' have sparked significant controversy. - Local left-wing politicians in Réunion have strongly criti…
Libé's Fall TV Series Agenda: From 'Lanterns' to 'Harry Potter'
- French newspaper Libération has released its fall agenda for upcoming television series. - The list includes a variety of anticipated shows, some sparking intrigue and others already generating exci…
Literary Debut: Louise Chennevière's 'Faire la peau' Explores Motherhood's Most Alienating Bond
- Louise Chennevière's debut novel, "Faire la peau," delves into the complexities of motherhood. - The book is described as an exploration of "the most alienating of all bonds." - It is part of the Fr…
"John, Son of John" by Douglas Stuart: Secret Lives of Father and Son
- The article reviews Douglas Stuart's novel "John, Son of John." - The novel focuses on the lives of a father and son on a remote Scottish island in the 1990s. - It explores themes of hidden lives an…
The left doesn't argue too much, it argues poorly
- The French left faces a challenge of division, often characterized as "irreconcilable lefts." - Sociologist Guénaëlle Gault suggests that creating unity does not require uniformity but innovative pr…
Iceland Votes on Reopening EU Membership Talks
- Icelanders will vote in a referendum on Saturday regarding the potential reopening of EU membership negotiations. - The vote represents a crucial step for candidate countries navigating the complex …
French High Schoolers Express Frustration Over Looming Cell Phone Ban
- French high school students express dismay over a proposed ban on mobile phones, set to be implemented next school term. - Students question the necessity of such strict measures and highlight their…
Rural cafes: 'Closing a cafe is more than just losing a business'
- The association "1,000 Cafés" aims to revive rural bistros, recognizing them as crucial "social activators" that have been declining for decades. - These cafes are seen as more than just businesses;…
France sets financial penalties for ultra-fast fashion
- France has established financial penalties for ultra-fast fashion companies through a new decree. - The penalties, set by the Ministry of Ecological Transition, will apply to brands such as Shein, T…
Arctic fly colonies invade Antarctica, threatening ecosystem
- Fly colonies from the Arctic have established themselves in Antarctica, posing a threat to the local ecosystem. - The insects were likely transported by ships and have been observed near penguin nes…
King Harald V of Norway Dies at 89
- King Harald V of Norway, who was 89, died on Friday, August 28. - He was highly popular and had been credited with uniting the nation, particularly after the Utoya attacks. - Crown Prince Haakon is …
Residents and officials clash with Ultra-Trail du Mont-Blanc over its 'gigantism'
- Residents and officials in the Chamonix valley are protesting the increasing scale of the Ultra-Trail du Mont-Blanc (UTMB) event. - They cite growing participant numbers and associated nuisances as …
The Controversial History Behind Pasta Carbonara
- Libération is exploring the histories of dishes whose origins are often misunderstood. - The article focuses on the controversial and debated origins of the pasta carbonara recipe. - It examines the…
Icelanders divided over EU membership referendum
- Icelanders are set to vote on whether to restart the process of joining the European Union. - Divisions exist among the population regarding national identity, sovereignty, and fishing rights. - The…
Historians challenge 'imperialist is always the other' narrative
- Historians Nicolas Beaupré and Florian Louis have published "Global History of Imperialisms," a collective work analyzing the emergence and evolution of imperialism over 250 years. - The book aims t…
Nepal Floods: Nearly 470 Dead, Over 1,400 Missing After Glacier Collapse
- Nearly 470 people have died in Nepal due to massive floods caused by a glacier collapse. - Over 1,400 individuals are still missing, including several foreign tourists. - Authorities fear further fl…
Average Teacher Salary at €3,090: What Lies Behind This Widely Publicized Figure?
- A recent study by France's National Education Ministry on teacher salaries has generated significant debate. - The reported average salary of €3,090 masks considerable differences based on career pr…
What to Listen to This Week: Les Agamemnonz, GB, Nick Granata, Sullivan Fortner
- This week's music recommendations from Libération cover a range of genres including pop, rock, and electronic music. - The selection aims to guide readers through the latest music releases. - Featur…
Sociologist Eva Illouz to Sciences Po students: 'Only humility and courage help us think freely'
- Sociologist Eva Illouz addressed first-year students at Sciences Po, emphasizing humility and courage for free thought. - She discussed the role of intellectuals in public life and their connection …
Trump Asserts Putin Won't Attack NATO Countries; European Intelligence Sees No Threat
- U.S. President Donald Trump stated that Russian President Vladimir Putin will not attack NATO countries. - European intelligence agencies reported on Thursday, August 27, that they have no evidence …
Meta reaches $17.1 billion settlement with 29 US states over teen social media addiction
- Meta Platforms agreed to a $17.1 billion settlement with 29 US states. - The lawsuits accused the Facebook parent company of promoting addictive behavior among teenagers. - The settlement requires M…
Yayoi Kusama: Fashion's enduring muse
- Japanese artist Yayoi Kusama has significantly influenced the fashion world throughout her career. - Kusama utilized fashion as a creative outlet, starting with her own boutique in New York in 1969.…
Mexican cartel launders drug money through Cambodian scam centers
- Cambodian and U.S. authorities have exposed a criminal network that laundered money for the Sinaloa cartel. - The network used cryptocurrency and scam centers in Cambodia to launder drug profits. - …
UEFA Prepares 'Unfair Dealing' Lawsuit Against FIFA President Infantino
- UEFA is preparing to file a lawsuit against FIFA President Gianni Infantino, alleging 'unfair dealing'. - The lawsuit stems from Infantino's previous, now abandoned, proposal to involve private inve…
France eyes Meta's US deal terms for online safety
- Meta has agreed to pay over $17 billion and restrict its platforms for teenagers to settle a major lawsuit. - France's Minister for Digital Affairs is interested in applying similar terms within the…
"Aura Battle": Internet Culture Meets Street Duels
- A new internet-driven phenomenon called "Aura Battle" involves young people engaging in street duels using dance and charisma. - These battles, observed in cities like Mexico City and São Paulo, tra…
IN PICTURES - Yayoi Kusama, from the New York avant-garde to global recognition
- Japanese artist Yayoi Kusama, known for her avant-garde work and signature polka dots, has died at age 97. - She was recognized as a precursor to prominent artists like Andy Warhol and Keith Haring.…
Drag Race France Finale Sparks Fan Debate Over 'Depoliticization'
- The finale of "Drag Race France" is set to air, sparking debate among fans. - Viewers are divided between enthusiasm for the show and concerns about its increasing "depoliticization." - The program,…
European CO2 Emissions From Planes Surpass Cars in Seven Countries
- Aircraft CO2 emissions have exceeded those from cars in seven European countries. - Aviation pollution within the EU is growing quickly, despite being lower overall than car emissions. - This trend …
French presidential hopefuls debate economic issues at Medef forum
- Seven candidates aspiring to the French presidency in 2027 are participating in a debate organized by the Medef business association. - The candidates are being questioned by business leaders on key…
French Socialist Party: Boris Vallaud Backs Raphaël Glucksmann for Primary
- Boris Vallaud, leader of the Socialist deputies in France, will not run in the primary to select the Social Democrats' candidate. - Vallaud has declared his support for MEP Raphaël Glucksmann in the…
Gaza photo removed from Deauville festival after pro-Israel campaign
- A photograph of a football match in Gaza was removed from the Deauville Sport Images Festival. - The photo had been displayed for two and a half months without controversy before being targeted by a…
Far-Right National Rally Party Closes Cagnes-sur-Mer Art House After 70 Years
- The far-right National Rally party has closed the Maison des artistes in Cagnes-sur-Mer, ending 70 years of artistic activity. - The new local administration aims to promote 'heritage' art instead o…
France's 2027 budget: Economy minister promises to preserve corporate tax breaks
- French Economy Minister Roland Lescure pledged to preserve key tax incentives for businesses in the 2027 finance bill. - The protected incentives include the research tax credit and the Dutreil Pact…
French Socialist Party leader threatens budget censure if it resembles Macron's programs
- French Socialist Party First Secretary Olivier Faure criticized potential budget proposals, warning of censure if they resemble programs from Édouard Philippe or Gabriel Attal. - Faure also addresse…
Le Pen faces skeptical business leaders as Bardella looms
- Marine Le Pen, now the official National Rally candidate, faces a challenge to convince business leaders of her economic credibility. - She is set to speak at the Medef summer universities, addressi…
Sonia Mabrouk's debut at BFM TV sparks internal friction, accused of importing CNews's line
- Sonia Mabrouk's arrival at BFM TV has reportedly caused internal friction, with colleagues expressing concern over her editorial approach. - The journalists' society (SDJ) at BFM TV has noted "stupe…
US Blocks Climate Talks Over 'Warming,' 'Gender,' 'Indigenous Peoples' Terms
- The United States is blocking negotiations at the COP 17 summit on land degradation in Mongolia. - US representatives object to terms like 'climate warming,' 'gender,' and 'indigenous peoples.' - Th…
Syrian Kurdish forces disband, bolstering Damascus government
- The Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) announced their dissolution on Monday, August 24, a move seen as strengthening President Ahmad al-Charaa's government. - The SDF's surrender is expected to consoli…
French Socialists' €15 primary fee sparks criticism over voter exclusion
- The French Socialist Party and Place publique are charging a 15 euro fee for participation in their upcoming primary vote. - This fee has been criticized for potentially discouraging potential voter…
Traffic noise pollution significantly impacts children's mental health, study finds
- A new study highlights the negative impact of traffic noise on children's mental well-being. - Researchers found a link between prolonged exposure to traffic noise in early childhood and anxiety or …
Byung-Chul Han: 'In Our Societies, Everyone Practices the Divine Cult of the Self'
- Philosopher Byung-Chul Han rarely grants interviews, speaking to Libération about his latest essays. - Han critiques modern society, stating that individuals excessively focus on self-worship. - The…
Dolly Parton's death: French author highlights the 'goodness' in her lyrics
- French author Anne Pauly emphasizes the inherent goodness and empathy in Dolly Parton's songwriting. - Pauly's upcoming book will explore Parton's extensive catalog, focusing on themes of American n…
Dolly Parton: The America Trump Cannot Reclaim
- Country music icon Dolly Parton, praised across the political spectrum, successfully avoided partisan labels throughout her career. - Her passing offers a moment of truce in a divided America, symbo…
Far-right activists face court for disrupting LFI meeting
- Eight members of the far-right group Nouvelle Droite face a request for 18-month suspended prison sentences in Lille. - They are accused of disrupting a La France Insoumise (LFI) meeting in March by…
Transgender woman wins landmark civil status change in Lebanon
- Romy D., a 37-year-old transgender woman, has won a legal battle to change her civil status in Lebanon. - This marks a rare judicial victory for transgender rights in the country. - The judge report…
Heatwave shrinks fruit and vegetable sizes, supermarket chiefs warn
- Supermarket executives warned that recent heatwaves have significantly impacted the size and quality of fruits and vegetables. - The extreme summer temperatures are affecting produce availability an…
French employers' group to host first major presidential debate
- Seven French presidential candidates will present their platforms to the Medef, the country's primary employers' organization, on August 27. - The event, "Rencontre des entrepreneurs de France," wil…
One Year After Legrand-Cohen Affair, Thomas Legrand Barred From France Inter
- Thomas Legrand, a columnist for Libération, will not return to France Inter after a year marked by the Legrand-Cohen affair. - Legrand announced his definitive exclusion from Radio France group, dis…
Dolly Parton: A Queer Icon Through and Through, by Laurent Chalumeau
- Country music superstar Dolly Parton has evolved into a queer icon over her decades-long career. - Her hyper-feminine appearance, including her signature blonde wig and revealing outfits, has become…
Elon Musk's $100 Billion SpaceX Spaceport: 'Egomanical Ambition for Domination and Influence'
- Elon Musk plans to build a $100 billion SpaceX spaceport in Louisiana, with construction starting in 2027. - Sociologist Arnaud Saint-Martin criticizes the project as an "egomaniacal ambition for do…
Over 2,300 children homeless in France, numbers continue to rise
- A new report shows over 2,300 children are currently homeless in France. - The number of homeless minors has been steadily increasing since 2022. - This rise continues despite government pledges to …
Mélenchon's economic proposals alarm French business leaders at Medef gathering
- French business leaders are concerned about Jean-Luc Mélenchon's economic proposals. - They fear potential loss of advantages if his program is implemented. - The concerns were voiced at the annual …
Tim Curry, star of 'Rocky Horror Picture Show' and 'It,' dies
- Actor Tim Curry, famous for his roles as eccentric villains, has died at the age of 80. - He was widely recognized for his performances in 'The Rocky Horror Picture Show' and Stephen King's 'It'. - …
Generative AI in Schools Requires More Than Just Academic Focus
- Generative AI tools in schools raise concerns beyond academics, according to inspector Hafid Adnani. - Adnani emphasizes the need to consider impacts on student mental health, cyberbullying, and emo…
Dolly Parton: Once Upon a Time at Dollywood
- Country music legend Dolly Parton died on Tuesday, August 25, at the age of 80. - Parton was celebrated for her generosity, flamboyant style, and iconic hits such as "Jolene" and "I Will Always Love…
U.S. states reach $16 billion settlement with Meta over social media addiction claims
- Meta, the parent company of Facebook, has reached an agreement with several U.S. states to pay $16 billion. - The settlement resolves lawsuits accusing the company of fostering social media addictio…
China Produces Its Own Luxury: 'The West No Longer Dictates the Codes.'
- China is increasingly producing its own luxury goods, including wine and caviar, challenging Western dominance. - The country aims to shape its own luxury market, focusing on hospitality to counter …
Peru: Four men receive heavy sentences for environmental defender's murder
- Peruvian justice sentenced four men to heavy penalties for the 2023 assassination of indigenous leader and Amazon defender Quinto Inuma Alvarado. - The rare trial and sentencing could set a preceden…
Tunisia's phosphate industry deprives residents of water
- Residents near Tunisia's Gafsa mining basin suffer from water shortages and pollution, according to an investigation by the Tunisian media outlet Inkyfada. - The water crisis is occurring against th…
Mayors Oppose Patrick Bruel Concerts, Reflecting Shift in French Society on Sexism
- Several mayors are opposing singer Patrick Bruel's concerts, signaling a shift in French society's stance on sexism and sexual violence. - While mayors typically have limited power to ban such perfo…
Gwangju Biennale: Controversy erupts over renaming of Taiwan Pavilion amid fears of Chinese influence
- The decision to rename the "Taiwan Pavilion" at the Gwangju Biennale in South Korea has sparked anger among artists. - Artists question whether the move signals possible Chinese interference in the…
French science is declining, study confirms 'real erosion'
- A new study reveals a significant decline in France's international scientific rankings over the past twenty years. - The report from the Observatory of Sciences and Techniques highlights this erosi…
French court recognizes flight attendant's breast cancer as occupational illness
- A French court recognized a flight attendant's breast cancer as an occupational illness. - The 59-year-old, now in remission, cited night work, passive smoking, and radiation exposure. - This unprec…
"The Three Rivers" by Tiffany Quay Tyson: Old Grudges and Present Misery
- Tiffany Quay Tyson's novel "The Three Rivers" explores the Mississippi Delta, focusing on characters grappling with past grievances and present hardship. - The book blends elements of a thriller wit…
French Politics Marked by Deregulation and Rising Skepticism Ahead of 2027 Election
- Political discourse surrounding the 2027 French presidential election is characterized by impractical proposals and baffling political stances, according to a political scientist. - This "political …
Gironde Fires: Fire Chief Assures Le Porge Was Not Abandoned
- Firefighters assure the commune of Le Porge was not abandoned during a major wildfire last month. - The statement comes a month after the massive fire that devastated the area north of the Arcachon …
Inhumane prison conditions at Aix-Luynes denounced in court: "They sweat so much their beds rust"
- Lawyers, a prison observatory, and the Aix bar association are suing the French state over inhumane detention conditions at Aix-Luynes prison. - They are demanding immediate measures to address over…