Australia: Bird flu reaches seagulls, raising 'super-spreader' event concerns

Australia is facing a new phase in the global bird flu panzootic as the H5N1 virus has now been detected in seagulls. This development raises concerns about the potential for widespread transmission across the country, drawing parallels to early concerns during the COVID-19 pandemic's hotel quarantine system.

Previously, the virus was primarily detected in migratory seabirds and greater crested terns. However, the detection of H5N1 in silver gulls, a common species found nationwide, significantly increases the risk of the virus spreading to diverse environments and other bird populations. Seagulls' adaptable nature and habit of frequenting areas like landfills and shopping districts, where they interact with various species and scavenge, make them potential "super-spreaders."

Experts highlight that seagulls' tendency to mingle with other birds, including greater crested terns which are also affected, and their droppings, are significant factors in virus transmission. With both species entering their nesting seasons, forming large colonies, the potential for mass die-offs, similar to those seen in Europe with a related gull species, is a serious concern for wildlife and potentially other bird populations in Australia.

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They're more cosmopolitan in their requirements, [eating at] tips, shopping alleys. They'll mingle with everything and often parasitise [steal from] other birds and eat their eggs.