Don't Dismiss Heartburn: Reflux Can Lead to Esophageal Cancer, Expert Warns

Persistent heartburn and acid reflux, often dismissed as minor discomforts, can pave the way for serious health issues like esophageal cancer, warns Prof. Dr. Yaşar Özdenkaya, a specialist in General Surgery and Organ Transplantation.

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Reflux turning into cancer is a very low probability. However, for this to happen, the reflux needs to continue for many years, generally 15 years and more.

Özdenkaya explained that while the transformation of reflux into cancer is rare, it typically requires the condition to persist for 15 years or more. Cellular changes in the lower esophagus, known as Barrett's esophagus, can be detected during endoscopic examinations, signaling a slight but present risk of developing esophageal cancer. Therefore, he stressed the importance of expert medical evaluation for prolonged reflux symptoms.

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In cases where cellular changes, which we call Barrett's esophagus, are seen in the lower part of the esophagus during endoscopic examinations, there is a small risk of developing esophageal cancer.

Modern lifestyles, characterized by late-night work, study, and irregular eating habits, contribute to increased reflux complaints. Prof. Dr. Özdenkaya noted that lying down soon after eating facilitates the backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus. Occasional reflux during the day is normal, but frequent occurrences warrant medical attention.

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We see reflux more frequently in people who work late into the night, study, or eat irregularly.

Preventive measures include adopting healthier lifestyle habits. Özdenkaya advised avoiding acidic drinks, smoking, and foods that irritate the stomach. Crucially, he recommended maintaining at least a four-hour interval between the last meal and bedtime. Sleeping with the head slightly elevated can also reduce nighttime reflux, preventing stomach acid from entering the lungs, which can lead to serious lung infections like pneumonia.

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Lying down shortly after eating facilitates the stomach contents to flow back into the esophagus.