EU Weakens Rules on Gene-Edited Foods for Supermarkets

Genetically modified foods created using modern gene-editing techniques will soon be available in EU supermarkets without special labeling, following a majority vote in the European Parliament. These new breeds will be largely exempt from the EU's previously stringent genetic engineering regulations. However, they will still be subject to the same safety standards as conventionally bred crops.

Supporters of the new rules anticipate the development of more productive fruit and vegetable varieties that are better equipped to withstand climate change and offer enhanced nutritional value. Examples cited include crops requiring less water and produce that resists browning. Scientists also expect less restrictive regulations to facilitate research.

Critics, however, are calling for consumer choice to be preserved, allowing individuals to decide whether or not to consume these products. Concerns have also been raised about potential economic disadvantages for farmers and the risk of widespread adoption of genetically modified plants overwhelming natural ecosystems.

The legislation focuses on "new genomic techniques" (NGT), which involve targeted alterations to plant DNA. The "gene scissors" technology, such as CRISPR/Cas, can make both minor and major genetic changes. In cases of minor modifications (NGT1), products will enter the market without specific testing or labeling, including animal feed. Major genetic alterations (NGT2), such as introducing genes from different species or creating plants with insecticidal properties, will continue to face stricter regulations.

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