France's Constitutional Council approves assisted dying bill

France's Constitutional Council has given its final approval to a bill that permits assisted dying for patients suffering from incurable diseases. The decision, announced on Thursday, paves the way for France to become the 12th country worldwide to legalize the practice, pending President Emmanuel Macron's promulgation of the law.

The Elysée Palace welcomed the ruling, stating that the council's affirmation of the law's compliance with constitutional principles and values provides essential guarantees for the public. "We can now proceed with the implementation of this reform with the assurance that it rests on democratic, ethical, and constitutional foundations," a statement read.

The core of the assisted dying law allows individuals with terminal illnesses to choose to self-administer a lethal dose of medication. However, France has imposed stringent eligibility criteria. Applicants must be at least 18 years old, possess French nationality or reside legally and stably in France, and suffer from a "serious and incurable disease that affects their prognosis." The illness must be in an "irreversible stage or terminal phase," and patients must experience "persistent physical or mental suffering that is unbearable or cannot be alleviated by other treatments."

“

The Constitutional Council recognizes that this law is in conformity with the principles and values of the Constitution, thus providing essential guarantees to the nation.

Beyond meeting these medical and residency requirements, the process involves multiple steps. A doctor must explain alternatives, including palliative care and psychological support, and confirm the patient can withdraw consent at any time. A medical review, including consultation with a specialist and the patient's caregiver, must occur within 15 days. Even after approval, a mandatory reflection period of at least two days is required. On the day of the procedure, medical staff must reconfirm the patient's ongoing consent and absence of external pressure.

While patients are expected to self-administer the medication, healthcare professionals can do so if the patient is physically unable. Medical staff can refuse participation based on conscience but must refer the patient to another provider. The law was a key pledge in President Macron's 2022 re-election campaign. While supported by centrist and left-wing parties, it faced opposition from the conservative Republicans and the far-right National Rally, who argued it made death too accessible. The National Assembly passed the bill on April 10 with 291 votes in favor and 241 against.

“

We can now proceed with the implementation of this reform with the assurance that it rests on democratic, ethical, and constitutional foundations.