Ganesh Nepali’s death shines a light on Nepal’s unprotected gig workers

The self-immolation and subsequent death of Ganesh Nepali, a ride-sharing driver, has cast a harsh spotlight on the precarious working conditions faced by thousands in Nepal's burgeoning digital gig economy.

Drivers like Nepali navigate Kathmandu's streets at their own expense and risk, lacking guaranteed minimum incomes. They contend with mounting financial pressures, stringent traffic enforcement, and minimal legal protections. Experts note that Nepal's labor laws have not kept pace with platform-based employment, leaving gig workers in a legal gray area between traditional regulations and evolving digital business models.

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Who can say the same thing won’t happen to us? These days, I am afraid to even go out on the road.

Many drivers express fear and anxiety, particularly regarding increased traffic fines and stricter enforcement. "Who can say the same thing won’t happen to us?" asked Sujan Magar, a ride-sharing driver. "These days, I am afraid to even go out on the road." The daily reality for drivers often involves frequent roadside checks and the constant worry of being stopped and fined, even while picking up or dropping off passengers.

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Drivers face hardships from every direction, and earning a living through this profession is becoming more painful by the day.

Beyond the challenges of traffic enforcement, drivers are also dissatisfied with ride-sharing platforms such as Pathao, InDrive, and Yango. They feel these companies treat them primarily as income-generating partners, distancing themselves when drivers encounter difficulties. Muktinath Phuyal, chairperson of the Independent Drivers Foundation, stated that Nepali's death reflects the immense pressure on drivers, many of whom are supporting families and facing loan repayments for their vehicles.

Adding to their burden, increasing competition among ride-sharing platforms has led to fare reductions of up to 60 percent in recent years. While passengers benefit from lower costs, drivers bear the brunt, facing rising fuel prices, inflation, and maintenance expenses, all while platforms deduct commissions of 10 to 15 percent.

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He had recently bought a new motorcycle on loan and was supporting both his family and his ailing mother. When city police clamped his vehicle and attempted to fine him Rs1,000, he could no longer bear the pressure. That became the trigger. His death reflects the suffering of the entire driving community.