Hardening arteries often symptomless; doctor reveals 5 vascular health principles

Arteriosclerosis, commonly known as the hardening of the arteries, often progresses silently, with symptoms only appearing when a critical event like a heart attack or stroke occurs. Dr. Liu Boren, director of Kobot Clinic, emphasizes that the "suddenness" of these events refers to the symptoms, not the underlying vascular changes, which can take decades to develop.

Dr. Liu explains that plaque, composed of cholesterol, inflammatory cells, and calcium, gradually accumulates on artery walls. This buildup narrows the vessels over time. The danger lies in the lack of warning signs; arteries do not typically signal pain or discomfort. A rupture of these plaques can lead to blood clots, triggering heart attacks or strokes.

Individuals with risk factors such as high blood pressure, diabetes, high cholesterol, a history of smoking, obesity, a family history of cardiovascular disease, chronic stress, or a sedentary lifestyle should be particularly vigilant. Increased visceral fat, insulin resistance, and chronic inflammation can also accelerate vascular aging.

While existing plaque may not disappear entirely, Dr. Liu states that actively managing risk factors can stabilize plaques and reduce the risk of rupture, thereby slowing the progression of arteriosclerosis. He advises adherence to five key principles: controlling blood pressure, blood sugar, and cholesterol; consuming a diet rich in vegetables, legumes, whole grains, nuts, and deep-sea fish; engaging in at least 150 minutes of regular exercise per week, including resistance training; quitting smoking and maintaining a healthy weight; and prioritizing good sleep and stress management.

Dr. Liu urges people to proactively care for their vascular health, comparing it to skin aging. He stresses the importance of early detection and lifestyle changes to preserve heart and brain health for many years, rather than waiting for a serious medical event to prompt action.