Japan in talks with New Zealand over frigate sales after 'arms export shackles' lifted

Japan is actively negotiating with New Zealand to sell its state-of-the-art Mogami-class frigates, signaling a significant shift in its defense export policy. This move follows Australia's recent agreement to purchase a modified version of the same frigate, highlighting Japan's growing role in regional defense cooperation.

Japanese Defense Minister Koizumi Shinjiro is scheduled to discuss the frigate sale with New Zealand's Defense Minister Penk Chris and Australian Deputy Prime Minister and Defense Minister Marles Richard during a trilateral meeting at the upcoming Shangri-La Dialogue in Singapore. Australia signed a memorandum of understanding last month to acquire 11 Mogami-class frigates from Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, a deal valued at approximately 1.138 trillion yen ($10.53 billion). The first frigate is expected to be delivered by late 2029, with subsequent vessels to be manufactured locally in Australia starting in the early 2030s.

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These three countries have the intention to deter China, which is actively engaged in military activities in the Indo-Pacific region.

New Zealand is reportedly considering the Mogami-class frigate as a strong candidate for its new naval vessels. Acquiring the same type of frigate as its ally, Australia, would enhance interoperability and maximize defense cooperation between the two nations. Japan aims to strengthen security cooperation in the Indo-Pacific region while maintaining its relationship with New Zealand, a like-minded partner. Analysts suggest these three countries share an intention to counter China's increasing military activities in the region.

Japan recently revised its "Three Principles on Transfer of Defense Equipment and Technology," largely removing previous restrictions on arms exports. The Mogami-class frigate is particularly attractive due to its advanced capabilities and its operational efficiency, requiring about half the personnel of comparable vessels. This feature addresses the growing challenge of personnel shortages faced by many countries, including Japan, due to declining populations. Nikkei Shimbun noted that the frigate has attracted purchase inquiries from countries beyond Australia, presenting it as an appealing option for allies and partners facing similar manpower challenges.

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The Mogami-class frigate, with its high capabilities and operation by a small number of personnel, will be an attractive option for Japan's allies and friendly nations facing difficulties in securing personnel.