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A new global survey by the UN Population Fund (UNFPA) suggests that economic hardship, rather than a rejection of family life, feminism, or selfishness, is the main reason young people are having fewer children. The "Demographic Futures Survey," which polled over 108,000 adults aged 18-39 in 73 countries, challenges common assumptions about declining fertility rates.

The report, obtained by The Punch, argues that public discourse has focused on the wrong questions, neglecting to examine the necessary conditions for forming relationships and raising children. UN data indicates a significant drop in the average number of births per woman, from around five in the 1950s-60s to just over two in 2024, with a projected fall to 1.8 by 2100. Over 55% of countries now have fertility levels below the replacement rate of 2.1 births per woman.

Despite these trends, the survey found a persistent desire for parenthood. Most respondents already have children, and among those aged 35-39 without children, a significant majority (79% of men and 72% of women) expressed a desire to become parents. The UNFPA also refuted claims linking declining fertility to feminism, noting that many women still lack autonomy over their reproductive choices. Approximately one in ten women cannot make decisions about contraception, a quarter cannot decide on their healthcare, and another quarter cannot refuse sex.

Men and women generally shared similar views on family decisions, though women more frequently cited financial concerns, infertility, and health issues as major barriers. The UNFPA emphasized that young adults are not refusing parenthood out of selfishness, but rather cite the joy and happiness children bring as their primary motivation. "Young people carry an inspiring sense of hope and a clear vision for their families and futures," said Diene Keita, Executive Director of UNFPA. "When we break down financial barriers and support their agency, they can make the choices that are right for them."

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Young people carry an inspiring sense of hope and a clear vision for their families and futures. When we break down financial barriers and support their agency, they can make the choices that are right for them. By investing in their dreams today, we are building a more resilient and thriving tomorrow.