Nepal's new government charts assertive course in foreign relations

The Kathmandu Post has observed a significant shift in Nepal's foreign policy under the new administration of Prime Minister Balendra Shah. In just the first six weeks, the government has taken a series of assertive actions that deviate sharply from the "surrender diplomacy" criticized in previous administrations. The refusal to meet India's ambassador, the imposition of disruptive customs duties along the border, and a formal protest to both New Delhi and Beijing regarding a Himalayan pilgrimage route all point to a government charting its own course.

These actions have not gone unnoticed by diplomats and analysts, who see a clear signal of a new approach. The postponement of the Indian foreign secretary's visit, directly following Nepal's protest, underscores the gravity of these moves. While the cumulative effect is unmistakable, there remains a question of whether this assertiveness stems from a well-defined foreign policy doctrine or the initial, perhaps inexperienced, steps of a new government finding its footing on the international stage.

The Rastriya Swatantra Party's (RSP) rapid ascent to power, winning a significant mandate in recent elections, has created expectations for a new era in Nepal's foreign relations. The party's meteoric rise since its establishment in 2022, culminating in a strong showing in the House of Representatives, has emboldened its approach. Prime Minister Shah's own entry into politics as an independent mayor before leading the RSP to this victory suggests a leader comfortable with challenging established norms.

From Nepal's perspective, these actions represent a necessary assertion of sovereignty and a move away from perceived over-reliance on traditional partners. The imposition of customs duties, while disruptive to daily commerce, can be seen as an attempt to assert economic independence. The protest over the pilgrimage route highlights a determination to protect national territory and historical claims. This new government appears determined to engage with the world on its own terms, prioritizing national interests and signaling a more robust stance in its bilateral relationships.

“

Diplomats and officials from both sides admit that Shah not meeting the Indian ambassador in person, the imposition of customs duties, the prime minister’s refusal to meet the Indian foreign secretary, the revival of boundary disputes and the postponement of the foreign secretary’s visit — all happening within 45 days — signals a nationalist posture.