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The Trump administration has put forward a proposal for a new 25% punitive tariff on a wide range of imports from Brazil. This action follows a determination that Brazil's practices were unfair across several sectors, including digital trade, electronic payment services, preferential tariffs, intellectual property protection, ethanol market access, and illegal deforestation.

The Office of the United States Trade Representative announced the proposed duties as part of the results from an unfair trade practices investigation into Brazil. This investigation, initiated last year under Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974, led to the identification of these unfair practices. However, the proposed tariffs will exclude a number of specific items, such as beef, coffee, rare earths, other metals, and aircraft parts.

These new duties are intended to partially supersede a more substantial 50% tariff that President Donald Trump had imposed on many Brazilian goods the previous year. That earlier tariff was enacted as punishment for Brazil's prosecution of its former president and Trump ally, Jair Bolsonaro. However, the U.S. Supreme Court invalidated those duties in February.