Pakistan issues flood alert for northern regions as weather system approaches

Pakistan's Meteorological Department (PMD) has issued a warning for glacial lake outburst floods (Glofs) in the northern regions of Gilgit-Baltistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The alert comes as a fresh westerly wave is expected to bring moderate to heavy rain and thunderstorms to the glaciated valleys.

Daytime temperatures are already above normal in these areas, and the anticipated precipitation will accelerate snow and ice melt. This process could lead to the expansion of existing glacial lakes and the formation of new ones. The PMD warned that downstream settlements and low-lying areas along riverbanks face the threat of sudden inundation and flash floods.

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The combination of substantial warming and precipitation is likely to substantially accelerate snow and ice melt in the glaciated valleys of these regions.

The rapid expansion of glacial lakes can destabilize natural dams, potentially triggering Glof incidents. Additionally, thawing permafrost combined with excess surface water may cause heavy mud and debris flows down mountain slopes. The PMD advised residents and visitors in affected areas to stay away from riverbanks and monitor water bodies closely.

Pakistan is home to over 13,000 glaciers, the largest reservoir outside polar regions. However, experts note that around 10,000 glaciers in Chitral and Gilgit-Baltistan are receding due to climate change. Disaster management authorities have been instructed to remain on high alert and implement necessary precautionary measures.

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The thawing of permafrost, combined with excess surface water, can trigger heavy mud and debris flows down mountain slopes.