Peru warns of complex earthquakes, highlights Lima's vulnerability

Peru's Geophysical Institute (IGP) warns that the country could experience complex earthquakes involving multiple large-magnitude events, a scenario that has occurred before. Hernando Tavera, president of the IGP, pointed to the 2007 Pisco earthquake as an instance where two consecutive ruptures were felt by the population, even in Lima.

Tavera explained that a zone of energy accumulation exists off the coast of Lima, where a major earthquake could eventually strike. The capital's vulnerability, he noted, is not confined to specific districts but is a combination of factors. These include the quality of the soil, the age and structural integrity of buildings, the terrain's morphology, and the concentration of inhabitants.

Areas like Lomo de Corvina in Villa El Salvador are particularly vulnerable due to sandy soils. Other high-risk zones include parts of Ventanilla, homes on hillsides, riverbanks, and those built through self-construction. Older districts in Callao and Cercado de Lima also face increased risk due to the age of their structures.

The IGP emphasizes that the tectonic dynamics of the Pacific Ring of Fire make repeat occurrences of multi-phase earthquakes possible in Peru. Tavera reiterated that the most effective way to reduce risks is to foster a culture of prevention. This includes identifying safe spots within homes and buildings, knowing evacuation routes, and regularly participating in family, work, and school drills to ensure the population is better prepared for a major seismic event.