PT Health Watch: Women face higher risk of thyroid disorders, Expert

Thyroid disorders disproportionately affect women, with studies in Nigeria indicating female-to-male ratios ranging from 6.3:1 to an astonishing 98:1. Oladapo Ashiru, a reproductive endocrinologist speaking to PT Health Watch, explained that women are far more susceptible to these conditions. He noted that symptoms are often misattributed to everyday factors like stress, aging, or normal hormonal fluctuations, leading to delayed diagnosis.

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Women are far more likely than men to develop thyroid disorders, citing Nigerian studies that reported female-to-male ratios ranging from 6.3:1 to as high as 98:1.

Ashiru detailed the two primary forms of thyroid disorders: hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) and hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid). Hypothyroidism can manifest as unexplained weight gain, cold sensitivity, and hair thinning. Conversely, hyperthyroidism may cause unexplained weight loss, heat intolerance, and a faster metabolism. "If the thyroid is underactive, there will be increased weight or unexplained weight gain. If it is overactive, there will be unexplained weight loss," Ashiru stated. Women may also experience irregular menstrual cycles, mood swings, anxiety, depression, and changes in bowel habits.

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If the thyroid is underactive, there will be increased weight or unexplained weight gain. If it is overactive, there will be unexplained weight loss. The person may feel too cold in a normal environment if it is underactive, or too hot in a cool environment if it is overactive.

He highlighted that women between 30 and 49 years old face the highest risk, though younger women are not immune. Untreated thyroid disease can interfere with ovulation, increase menstrual bleeding, raise the risk of miscarriage, and lead to postpartum complications. Ashiru strongly advised women planning pregnancy to undergo thyroid screening to address any underlying conditions beforehand. He also pointed to postpartum thyroiditis, an inflammation that can occur after childbirth, urging new mothers not to dismiss persistent exhaustion as merely a consequence of caring for a newborn.

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Women between the ages of 30 and 49 face the highest risk of thyroid disorders, although younger women can also be affected.

Diagnosing thyroid disorders is achievable through simple hormone tests readily available in many Nigerian hospitals. Ashiru stressed the importance of early recognition of warning signs, as untreated thyroid disorders can significantly impact fertility, pregnancy outcomes, and a woman's overall quality of life. Recognizing these symptoms early is crucial for effective management and prevention of serious health consequences.

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Women planning pregnancy, he advised, should consider thyroid screening to detect and treat any underlying condition before conception.