Serbia Deepens Military Ties with Israel, Draws Criticism

Serbia is solidifying its position as a key European military partner for Israel, with their collaboration now encompassing joint drone manufacturing and the exchange of sensitive military intelligence. This deepening relationship, detailed in the German newspaper Berliner Zeitung, has drawn international criticism.

The strategic dialogue between the two nations extends beyond mere transactions. Serbian Foreign Minister Marko Đurić announced in April that relations had been elevated to a "strategic partnership" level during a visit to Jerusalem. Data from the Israeli newspaper Haaretz and the Balkan Investigative Reporting Network (BIRN) indicates a dramatic surge in Serbian arms exports to Israel, valued at 114 million euros last year, a 140% increase from the previous year and over forty times the amount exported in 2023.

Public records show 38 flights carrying military materiel from Serbia last year, double the number from 2024, though the exact nature of the weaponry remains undisclosed. Serbia is known for its significant production of artillery and infantry ammunition. President Aleksandar Vučić has announced plans for a joint venture between Serbia's state-owned Jugoimport and Israel's Elbit Systems to produce combat drones, with equal stakes initially planned, though BIRN reports suggest Elbit Systems will hold a 51% majority in the future firm.

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The relationship has been elevated to the level of strategic partnership.

This collaboration is part of a broader existing partnership. Serbia previously purchased Hermes 900 drones and missile launchers from Elbit Systems for $335 million in early 2025. Further agreements, including a reported $1.6 billion arms package in August of the same year, involved long-range missiles, drones, and electronic warfare equipment. The recent agreement to exchange classified military data, which was presented to the Serbian parliament's defense committee for approval, allows both sides to share confidential information on ongoing military projects.

For Serbia, this partnership offers access to modern military technology and a chance to diversify its defense sources, lessening dependence on Russia without jeopardizing traditional ties. Israel benefits from an additional ammunition supplier, a European manufacturing location, reduced reliance on major arms producers, and access to Serbia's defense industry. However, the cooperation faces scrutiny, with a UN special rapporteur accusing Serbia of "shamelessly" collaborating with Israel and providing military equipment.

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Serbia is becoming one of Israel's most important European partners in armament.