South Korea: Early heatwave triggers health alerts, rural elderly most at risk

An early heatwave has prompted an urgent warning from the Gyeongnam Province Fire Department, which has already responded to 11 emergency calls for heat-related illnesses in May. This surge in cases, occurring even before the official start of summer, raises concerns about a potentially severe season ahead.

Authorities are particularly worried about the elderly population in rural areas, who are most susceptible to heatstroke. They are strongly advised to avoid outdoor activities, especially farm work, when temperatures exceed 30 degrees Celsius and humidity is above 50%. Data from the Gyeongnam Provincial Government's heat illness surveillance system shows a significant increase, with 8 individuals treated by the end of the first week of June, more than double the 3 cases reported during the same period last year.

Analysis of recent years reveals a concerning trend: the number of heat-related emergency calls handled by the Gyeongnam Fire Department has steadily increased, from 95 in 2021 to 227 in 2025. The peak months for these incidents are July and August, accounting for 84% of all cases, with most occurring between 11 a.m. and 4 p.m. during hot and humid conditions.

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Farmers and the elderly in rural areas are the most vulnerable to heat-related illnesses, so they should absolutely refrain from outdoor activities on days with humidity above 50% and temperatures above 30 degrees Celsius.

The data highlights a stark disparity in incidence rates, with rural areas experiencing a rate 3.6 times higher than urban centers. Individuals aged 50 to 70 constitute 43% of all heat illness patients, with those over 70 being the most vulnerable. The fire department urges anyone experiencing symptoms such as high fever, dizziness, or severe weakness to immediately move to a cool place, rest, and call 119 if symptoms persist.

Heat-related illnesses, including exhaustion, vomiting, cramps, and fainting, can be life-threatening. Last year, 382 cases were reported in Gyeongnam through the emergency room surveillance system, resulting in three fatalities. The department emphasizes preventative measures, urging residents to stay hydrated and avoid strenuous activity during extreme heat.

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We urge you to avoid outdoor activities as much as possible on hot days to prevent heat-related illnesses. If you experience symptoms such as high fever, dizziness, or general weakness, move to a cool place immediately, rest, and if symptoms persist, do not hesitate to call 119.