Study: Socioeconomic status, not just bike lanes, determines if people cycle more

While Sweden boasts a well-developed cycling infrastructure, a new study suggests that socioeconomic factors play a more critical role in encouraging people to cycle than previously acknowledged. Research conducted by Trivector Mobility and VTI, based on in-depth interviews with individuals in low-income jobs in Östergötland, reveals that demanding work schedules and safety concerns often deter cycling.

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Many cycling strategies implicitly assume people with relatively flexible working hours and office work, but in low-income jobs, working conditions are often different.

Many cycling strategies implicitly assume flexible work hours and office-based employment. However, for those in low-income positions, early morning or late-night shifts, coupled with physically demanding work, can make cycling feel like an added strain. This oversight risks excluding significant population groups from the benefits of cycling.

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Early morning shifts, late evening shifts and physically demanding work mean that cycling is sometimes perceived as an additional burden in everyday life.

Safety emerges as a major concern, particularly when cycling in darkness or through perceived unsafe areas. Participants reported that fear of crime and bicycle theft, which can be financially devastating for those with limited resources, makes alternative transportation more attractive. The study emphasizes that cycling initiatives must therefore incorporate enhanced safety measures, including better lighting, more active urban spaces, and secure parking facilities, especially during times when few people are around.

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Cycling in the dark or through areas that are perceived as unsafe can make other modes of transport seem more attractive, even if the cycling infrastructure is otherwise good.

Furthermore, the attitudes of employers and colleagues significantly impact cycling adoption. Support from employers, such as providing adequate parking, changing facilities, and even offering "bike-to-work" schemes, can foster a more cycling-friendly environment. The research underscores the need for a broader understanding of mobility needs to effectively promote cycling across all socioeconomic strata.

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For many, this is also linked to working conditions. People in low-income jobs often work early mornings or late evenings, which means that journeys take place at times when few people are out and there are few other cyclists.