Swiss System's Oligarchic Bias and EU Accord Vote Debate

A commentary piece suggests that the Swiss political system inherently contains an "oligarchic bias." This bias, according to the author, allows a small number of citizens, based on their cantonal affiliation, to wield a blocking power that exceeds their demographic representation. The argument highlights a tension within Swiss federalism, where the influence of smaller cantons can significantly impact national decisions. This dynamic is particularly relevant in the ongoing debate surrounding the proposed "bilaterals III" agreements with the European Union. The Federal Council advocates for submitting these agreements to a facultative referendum, requiring only a majority of the popular vote. However, some legal experts, political parties, and parliamentary commissions are pushing for an obligatory referendum or a special vote demanding a "double majority" – approval from both the people and the cantons. This divergence stems from differing interpretations of the Swiss Constitution, specifically Article 141, and the perceived constitutional significance of the EU accords, granting parliament some discretion in determining the referendum type for exceptionally important matters.