‘Wider use of MMS can reduce Nigeria’s high maternal mortality’

Maternal health and nutrition experts are advocating for the increased use of Multiple Micronutrient Supplements (MMS) during pregnancy in Nigeria, citing their potential to significantly reduce the risks associated with maternal anaemia. This condition is a major contributor to complications such as premature birth, low birth weight, and adverse pregnancy outcomes, making adequate micronutrient intake paramount.

The specialists explained that MMS formulations contain a vital combination of essential vitamins and minerals, including iron and folic acid. These components are designed to prevent nutritional deficiencies commonly experienced during pregnancy. Anaemia, defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a low haemoglobin concentration, is often caused by iron deficiency, infections, or other vitamin deficiencies. In pregnant women, it is specifically defined as a haemoglobin concentration below 110 g/L, posing increased risks to both mother and child.

Nigeria faces one of the highest maternal mortality rates globally, with an estimated 512 deaths per 100,000 live births. The United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) notes that MMS provides 15 essential vitamins and minerals proven to benefit maternal and infant health. The WHO recommended MMS for pregnant women in 2020 as part of efforts to ensure positive pregnancy experiences. Evidence from WHO trials indicates that the UNIMMAP formulation of MMS is particularly effective in reducing low birthweight, preterm birth, and stillbirth.

In 2021, Nigeria's Federal Ministry of Health approved the transition from Iron and Folic Acid supplements to MMS for pregnant women. A 2024 survey revealed widespread deficiencies in essential nutrients like iron, zinc, Vitamin A, and folate among pregnant women in the country. Experts urge pregnant women to register early for antenatal care and take MMS strictly as prescribed by healthcare professionals to improve maternal nutrition and overall health outcomes.