Drones and AI are changing warfare: Romania learns lessons from Ukraine and Middle East conflicts

The nature of warfare is undergoing a radical transformation, driven by the increasing integration of artificial intelligence and the proliferation of drones. These technologies are reshaping military strategies and capabilities, as evidenced by ongoing conflicts in Ukraine and the Persian Gulf. This evolution prompts critical questions for military leaders worldwide about the future role of traditional military assets.

Former Romanian Army Chief General (ret.) Ștefan Dănilă and analyst Sandu Valentin Mateiu offer insights into this new era of roboticized warfare. General Dănilă acknowledges the growing importance of unmanned aerial vehicles and AI on the battlefield, noting a reduced direct human presence in confrontations. However, he maintains that human combatants and piloted aircraft will not disappear entirely, especially with the continued relevance of fifth-generation fighter jets like the F-35.

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The technique is evolving, we now see that unmanned aircraft, drones, have an important role on the battlefield, and that people are less present in direct confrontation. But this does not mean that fighters will disappear completely, and I don't think piloted aircraft will disappear either.

"The F-35 is a latest-generation, fifth-generation aircraft. It is equipped with the most modern discovery and attack systems, being an invisible aircraft to the enemy," General Dănilă explained regarding the stealth capabilities and longevity of such advanced platforms. He highlighted that aircraft like the F-35 are designed for at least a 20-year service life and will remain relevant through continuous updates with the latest military technology.

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The F-35 is a latest-generation, fifth-generation aircraft. It is equipped with the most modern discovery and attack systems, being an invisible aircraft to the enemy.

Romania is actively preparing for this future by securing 32 F-35 Lightning II fighter jets. A government agreement with the United States was signed in November 2024, marking a significant investment in modernizing the country's air force. This acquisition is seen as a vital step in adapting to the changing dynamics of global defense, where AI and advanced drone technology are becoming increasingly decisive.

The article underscores that while AI and drones are revolutionizing warfare, strategic stagnation or hasty decisions can prove fatal. Military leaders must carefully consider how to best integrate these new technologies while maintaining the effectiveness of existing capabilities, ensuring Romania's defense readiness in an increasingly complex geopolitical environment.

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This means that certainly, when we receive these aircraft, they will still be current and will be updated with the best military technology.