[Editorial] 'Nuclear Submarine Basic Plan' Must Contribute to Enhancing Strategic Autonomy

South Korea has revealed its foundational plan for constructing a nuclear-powered submarine (NPS), a project that received U.S. approval last October. The plan outlines the development of a 5,000-ton class submarine powered by low-enriched uranium (LEU) fuel, with domestic construction utilizing South Korean technology slated for the mid-2030s. The United States will provide the fuel, a crucial element in the agreement.

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A nuclear-powered submarine is a symbol of our will to take responsibility for peace and security on the Korean Peninsula and will greatly contribute to strengthening the defense industry capabilities of the Republic of Korea.

President Lee Jae-myung emphasized the NPS's significance during the first Future Defense Strategy Committee meeting, stating it symbolizes South Korea's commitment to peace and security on the Korean Peninsula and will bolster the nation's defense industry capabilities. The plan, codenamed "Project Jangbogo-N," adheres to non-proliferation obligations by using LEU (less than 20% enrichment) rather than highly enriched uranium (HEU), distinguishing it from the AUKUS pact. The government reiterated its commitment to nuclear non-proliferation, aiming to minimize U.S. interference and international concerns.

While the immediate operational focus for the NPS is stated as monitoring North Korean submarines in regional waters, the U.S. is expected to leverage the asset for its broader global strategy, particularly in countering China in the East and South China Seas. This strategic alignment raises concerns about South Korea potentially becoming entangled in U.S.-China geopolitical tensions and contributing to an arms race in East Asia.

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We will complete a specific roadmap, including the timing of the transfer, through close consultations between South Korea and the U.S.

The development of the NPS is a significant undertaking with substantial budgetary implications. The government aims for the project to maximize South Korea's "strategic autonomy" amidst regional threats. However, careful navigation is required to ensure the NPS serves national interests without exacerbating regional instability or drawing the nation into wider conflicts. The establishment of a joint working group between South Korea and the U.S. is anticipated to manage the technical and strategic coordination.

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We will do our best to comply with nuclear non-proliferation obligations without possessing or developing nuclear weapons.