El Niño officially declared internationally; Panama braces for effects

The El Niño climate pattern has officially been declared at the international level, confirmed by the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Forecasters predict this event could rank among the most intense in recent decades, with a 63% chance of reaching historic levels.

Panama has already begun to feel the impacts of El Niño, with effects noted since May. Luz Graciela de Calzadilla, director general of the Institute of Meteorology and Hydrology of Panama (Imhpa), stated that meteorological variables monitored across the country indicate the phenomenon is still maturing.

Expected consequences include significantly increased temperatures, potentially reaching 45 degrees Celsius (113 degrees Fahrenheit) in some areas, combined with a marked decrease in precipitation. Calzadilla explained that while normal maximum temperatures in the metropolitan area might be 35 degrees Celsius, the combination of heat and high humidity could create a "thermal sensation" of 42 to 45 degrees Celsius.

Authorities clarify that El Niño does not mean a complete cessation of rain but rather a substantial reduction. This decrease in rainfall could severely affect various sectors, particularly agriculture, due to reduced water availability for crops. Imhpa has initiated meetings with agricultural sector representatives to develop mitigation strategies. The public is advised to stay informed about the evolving climate conditions.