EU Migration Pact takes effect: Hungary faces choice of accepting refugees or paying hefty fines

The European Union's Migration Pact, a comprehensive package comprising ten legal acts, is set to take effect on Friday, significantly altering migration and asylum procedures across member states. The pact, consisting mainly of regulations, means its provisions will be directly applicable in countries like Hungary, leaving national governments with little room for modification.

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Hungary either accepts the number of refugees prescribed in the solidarity fund or pays 7 million forints for each unaccepted migrant.

Hungary finds itself in a challenging position due to the pact's core provisions. The country must either accept a predetermined quota of refugees or face a financial penalty of 7 million forints (approximately $19,000 USD) for each migrant not admitted. Furthermore, the European Commission retains the authority to unilaterally increase the number of refugees to be accepted or adjust the mandatory payment amount annually, without requiring Hungarian consent.

In crisis situations, such as a sudden surge in migration, the Commission can compel Hungary to accept a significantly higher number of refugees than the standard quota. The pact also stipulates that if asylum claims made by migrants waiting at the border are not processed within 12 weeks, these individuals will be permitted to enter and move freely within Hungary.

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In a crisis situation (e.g., an unexpected large wave of migration), the commission can oblige Hungary to accept a significantly larger number of refugees than the prescribed quota.

Additionally, the pact mandates that Hungary must provide conditions for minor and medically vulnerable migrants (including those with mental health issues) that are comparable to the living standards of Hungarian citizens. This includes ensuring adequate accommodation, food, clothing, and financial support at a level consistent with other member states. The European Commission alone will determine which third countries are considered safe for repatriation. Hungary cannot deport asylum seekers from countries deemed unsafe, even if national authorities classify them as a threat to national security or public order.

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If asylum claims of migrants waiting at the border cannot be processed within 12 weeks, refugees can freely enter and move within Hungary.