Heat Illness Cases Rise in Taiwan, Doctor Warns Dehydration May Lead to Acute Kidney Injury

Taiwan is facing a surge in heat-related illnesses as temperatures remain high, prompting medical professionals to issue urgent warnings about the risks of dehydration and potential kidney damage.

According to Ministry of Health and Welfare statistics, 76 individuals sought medical attention for heatstroke in June alone, with a notable increase from 27 cases on June 2 to 36 on June 3. This trend underscores the growing public health concern associated with the current heatwave.

Dr. Fu Chun-lin, a nephrologist at Cathay General Hospital, explained that initial symptoms of heatstroke, such as dizziness, thirst, fatigue, and general weakness, can escalate if fluid intake is insufficient. He emphasized that the kidneys, which require adequate blood flow and hydration, are particularly vulnerable. Prolonged dehydration can impair kidney function, leading to acute kidney injury or failure.

Symptoms of acute kidney injury can include reduced urine output and darker urine, alongside dizziness and nausea. In severe cases, it can progress to rhabdomyolysis, a condition where muscle tissue breaks down, releasing harmful substances into the bloodstream that further damage the kidneys. This can manifest as muscle aches, weakness, and dark-colored urine.

Dr. Fu highlighted that the elderly and individuals with chronic conditions like hypertension, heart disease, chronic kidney disease, and liver cirrhosis are at increased risk. Those taking diuretics for hypertension or heart conditions are especially susceptible to dehydration. He advised the general public to estimate daily water intake by multiplying body weight in kilograms by 30 milliliters, and for those engaging in strenuous activity or sweating heavily, to increase intake accordingly. Water is recommended over sugary drinks, and hydration should occur gradually rather than in large gulps to avoid burdening the heart and stomach. The most effective preventive measures include avoiding peak sun hours, using sun protection, resting adequately, and maintaining regular fluid intake.