Invisible traps in children's rooms: How innocent video games become a bridge to gambling addiction

The evolution of the video game industry has seen a shift from single-purchase games to free-to-play models that rely on continuous in-game investment. This monetization strategy often involves "loot boxes" and cosmetic items, elements that blur the line between gaming and gambling.

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Loot box is a virtual box, in which certain digital content is hidden. It can affect the game mechanics, improve character skills, or simply act as a design element, when upon opening it, so-called 'skins' fall out, changing the appearance of a weapon or character.

Oleg Mackevič, a psychologist and specialist at the Gambling Supervision Service, explains that loot boxes are virtual containers offering digital content that can influence gameplay or serve as cosmetic enhancements. While their existence isn't inherently problematic, the issue arises when real money is involved in their acquisition. "The act of opening itself is a gambling mechanic," Mackevič states, noting the element of chance, the thrill, and the subsequent joy or disappointment that mirrors the experience of slot machines.

The market for these virtual goods, especially "skins" that alter the appearance of weapons or characters in games like Counter-Strike, has reached unprecedented heights. These items, while offering no gameplay advantage, serve as status symbols. Popular esports players often use exclusive designs, driving demand among younger players. Prices can range from cents to tens of thousands of euros, with collectors actively seeking rare items.

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The act of opening itself is a gambling mechanic. Sometimes elements of slot machines can be recognized here. The factor of randomness operates in the opening process. When we pay money for it, excitement, thrill arises, and depending on the result - joy or disappointment. Then we can already talk about it being very close to gambling.

Mackevič highlights the addictive nature of these mechanics, comparing them to instant lotteries. He points out that platforms exist for trading these virtual items, where minors are often exploited by adults who buy rare items cheaply and resell them. Furthermore, content creators on video platforms frequently showcase mass purchases and openings of loot boxes, further encouraging children to engage with these potentially harmful monetization practices.

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Prices can range from three cents to tens of thousands of euros, depending on who uses the 'skin' and how rare it is. Collectors simply hunt for rare items. For example, a loot box key can cost about 2 euros, for which the player expects to receive a 'skin' worth 10 thousand. This incredibly irritates emotions and strongly resembles instant lotteries.