Prostate Cancer Often Silent in Malaysian Men, Late Diagnosis a Major Concern

Prostate cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers among men in Malaysia, yet a significant number remain unaware that the disease can progress silently in its early stages. This lack of early detection often leads to diagnoses at advanced stages, complicating treatment and diminishing the chances of recovery. Dr. Sandya Subramaniam, a Clinical Oncology Consultant at ParkCity Medical Centre, explained that prostate cancer occurs when abnormal cells grow within the prostate gland. While it typically develops slowly, some cases can be aggressive and spread to other parts of the body, particularly the bones and lymph nodes.

According to the Malaysian Cancer Registry 2017–2021, prostate cancer ranks as the third most common cancer in Malaysian men. The risk of developing the disease escalates significantly with age. Dr. Sandya noted that approximately 8.3 to 9.3 percent of Malaysian men face a risk of prostate cancer, a figure that rises sharply with advancing age. For men aged 75 and above, the incidence rate can reach about 140 cases per 100,000 men, highlighting a strong correlation between prostate cancer and aging.

Despite the known risks, many men delay or avoid health screenings. Dr. Sandya pointed out that some believe screenings are only necessary when symptoms appear, overlooking that early-stage prostate cancer often presents no signs. Others postpone check-ups to avoid temporary anxiety about potential serious diagnoses or the need for treatment. Commitments to work and family responsibilities also lead men to neglect health screenings. Feelings of discomfort or embarrassment related to urinary and sexual health issues, the perception that seeking treatment signifies weakness, and cost or access barriers to healthcare facilities further contribute to delayed examinations.

Awareness about prostate cancer in Malaysia remains low, partly due to a misconception that it is primarily a disease of Western countries or affluent individuals, or that it only affects very old men. This perception leads many to believe they do not need screening. Dr. Sandya advised that the appropriate age to begin prostate cancer screening depends on an individual's risk level, but emphasized the importance of proactive health checks.