Screen Time May Harm Development in Infants Under Two, Study Warns

New research suggests that digital screens pose a significant risk to the development of infants under two years old. A literature review by the iADDICT research team, comprising experts from four British universities, found that screen exposure during the crucial first 1001 days of life can lead to long-term negative effects on health and development.

The study warns that early screen use can reduce opportunities for bonding with caregivers, physical play, and language development. It may also be linked to excessive stimulation, sleep disturbances, eye health issues, childhood obesity, and reliance on devices for emotional regulation. One study cited even suggested that infants exposed to screens before six months of age were more likely to be at high risk on autism spectrum disorder screening tests, though researchers cautioned this did not prove a causal link.

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This review confirmed substantial evidence suggesting that digital media use, particularly TV, mobile phones, and tablets, is widespread in the critical early period of life and may be associated with potential harm.

Parents are increasingly concerned about their young children's screen time but report receiving insufficient guidance from health professionals. While the World Health Organization and the American Academy of Pediatrics recommend avoiding screen time for children under two, researchers noted these guidelines are not consistently followed globally. The study urges a re-evaluation of existing guidelines that suggest co-viewing or present screen technology as suitable for all ages.

Researchers are calling for governments, healthcare providers, and early childhood experts to collaborate on creating a "baby screen time risk assessment" system. They also advise parents to reduce screen exposure by spending more time outdoors, using non-digital toys, and increasing face-to-face interactions. Avoiding screens during mealtimes is also recommended for fostering healthy eating habits. Dr. Richard James of Loughborough University stated that the review found substantial evidence suggesting widespread digital media use in early life could be linked to potential harm, expressing hope that the findings will aid parents, practitioners, and policymakers in developing guidelines for sustainable technology use in young children.

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We hope these findings will be helpful to parents, practitioners, and policymakers and contribute to the development of relevant guidelines to support the sustainable use of technology by young children.