Sledgehammers and explosives common in museum heists, Europol says

Museum heists across Europe are becoming more violent and aggressive, with thieves now favoring sledgehammers, axes, and explosives over stealthy methods, according to a Europol report. This shift towards "violent and forceful" tactics contrasts sharply with earlier "discreet" thefts that relied on deception and reconnaissance.

“

Sledgehammers, axes, and explosives are the new weapons of choice for thieves targeting European museums.

Europol noted a rise in "direct and confrontational" approaches, sometimes involving firearms to intimidate security and visitors, and even direct physical assaults on staff. The agency stated that the use of force is often linked to targeted operations, indicating prior identification of specific objects and pre-planned execution.

“

Museum heists were becoming increasingly aggressive, the report said, taking on "violent and forceful" methods.

A notable example cited is the 2025 Louvre heist, where thieves used a crane to access a gallery window, smashed display cases, and stole jewelry valued at approximately $102 million within minutes. Despite international headlines, the case remains largely unsolved, with only one man charged and no jewels recovered.

“

In some cases, offenders use firearms to intimidate security personnel and visitors.

The report also highlights a changing market demand driving these thefts. Precious metals are melted down, and precious stones are removed and sold, leaving no trace. Chinese cultural artifacts, such as Ming Dynasty vases and porcelain plates, are also repeatedly targeted by traffickers for financial gain due to high demand and ease of sale on the art market. Europol suggests these violent tactics may indicate a newer type of thief, as traditional goods traffickers typically avoid violence.

“

The use of force is closely linked to targeted operations, suggesting prior identification of specific objects and pre-planned execution.