Timely Dementia Diagnosis Improves Prognosis

Dementia affects over 55 million people globally, though exact numbers remain elusive. In Slovenia, estimates suggest around 47,000 individuals live with dementia, a figure experts believe is likely higher, potentially exceeding 50,000. The condition significantly impacts families and society, with at least three caregivers for each person diagnosed, meaning dementia indirectly touches the lives of roughly 150,000 people in Slovenia, according to Štefanija L. Zlobec, president of the Spominčica – Alzheimer Slovenia association.

Aging populations are the main driver behind the increasing prevalence of dementia, as advanced age is the most significant risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's. Dr. Milica Gregorič Kramberger, a neurologist and member of Spominčica's expert council, notes that society still struggles to view cognitive and nervous system disorders with the same understanding as diseases affecting other organs. "Better management of other chronic diseases allows for longer lives, which in turn increases the likelihood that people will reach an age where dementia is more common," she explained.

Dementia is a syndrome characterized by slowly developing and worsening symptoms that impair cognitive functions, memory, orientation, and daily activities. While approximately 15% of dementia causes are treatable, such as those stemming from injuries, infections, thyroid issues, vitamin deficiencies, or medication side effects, the remaining 85% are due to progressive brain diseases. Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause among these, leading to the decay of brain tissue.

There are over 200 types of dementia, with Alzheimer's disease accounting for two-thirds of all cases. Other forms include Lewy body dementia, vascular dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Differentiating between these types is crucial, as symptoms can vary significantly, impacting diagnosis and care strategies.

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Better management of other chronic diseases allows for longer lives, which in turn increases the likelihood that people will reach an age where dementia is more common.