Holbrooke Told Tuđman: Even Capturing Banja Luka Meant Returning It to Serbs

In mid-September 1995, a crucial shift occurred in the Bosnian War as 43% of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina's territory was liberated. This marked a substantial change from July 1994, when Serb forces, the VRS, controlled 70% of the country's territory. The territorial gains by Bosnian and Croat forces significantly altered the strategic landscape and influenced negotiations.

This military progress put pressure on Serb negotiators, who had previously rejected a peace plan. That plan would have allocated 49% of Bosnia and Herzegovina's territory to the Republika Srpska, the Serb entity. The shifting military balance suggested that Serb leaders might be forced to accept less favorable terms or face further territorial losses.

Amidst these developments, former U.S. envoy Richard Holbrooke communicated a stark reality to Croatian President Franjo Tuđman. Holbrooke reportedly stated that even if Croatian forces managed to capture Banja Luka, the strategically important city would ultimately have to be returned to Serb control. This message underscored the complex geopolitical considerations and the limits of military action in shaping the final outcome of the conflict, emphasizing the need for a negotiated settlement within a framework that acknowledged the interests of all parties.