How to stay safe from volcanic ash exposure: Expert guide

Volcanic ash spreading across parts of Indonesia, including Greater Jakarta, can harm the eyes, skin and lungs far more severely than ordinary dust, according to Griffith University epidemiologist Dicky Budiman.

“Volcanic ash is very different from ordinary ash or dust because it contains silica, which acts like sharp glass shards and can cause damage, especially to exposed organs including the eyes, nose, mouth, and skin,” Budiman told ANTARA. The ash followed continuous eruptions from Mount Anak Krakatau in the Sunda Strait.

Exposure can cause red, stinging and watering eyes, sensitivity to light, corneal scratches and conjunctivitis. It can also irritate the nose and throat, trigger a runny nose and dry cough, and cause chest tightness or pain. People with asthma or chronic bronchitis may develop phlegm buildup, noisy breathing or wheezing.

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Volcanic ash is very different from ordinary ash or dust because it contains silica, which acts like sharp glass shards and can cause damage, especially to exposed organs including the eyes, nose, mouth, and skin.

Budiman advised people to avoid strenuous activity when ash concentrations are high because faster breathing can draw particles deeper into the lungs. Fresh ash also carries an acidic coating that increases irritation until rain washes it away.

Outside, people should wear a well-fitted N95 respirator covering the nose and mouth, along with safety goggles or glasses. Contact lenses should be avoided. Anyone exposed should rinse the skin or eyes with clean water and avoid rubbing, while ash-covered clothing should not be shaken because that can put particles back into the air. Doors and windows should remain closed, gaps under doors can be covered with damp cloths, and long sleeves and trousers can provide additional coverage.

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Sufferers are advised to avoid strenuous physical activity when volcanic ash concentration in the air is high, as faster breathing draws volcanic ash particles deeper into the lungs.