Oak Processionary Moth Spreads Closer to Poland, Posing Health Risks

A potentially hazardous species of moth, known as the oak processionary moth (Thaumetopoea processionea), is advancing towards Poland, raising concerns among biologists. This small nocturnal moth has already led to infestations in countries like Germany and France. Dr. Maciej Krzyżyński explains that the moth experiences 'gradations,' which are mass outbreaks following periods of lower population density. If outbreaks occur in neighboring countries, Poland is likely to see them as well. The caterpillars, while appearing harmless, pose a significant risk due to fine hairs covering their bodies. When disturbed, these hairs are released and can cause severe allergic reactions in humans, including skin and eye irritation, and respiratory issues if inhaled. In severe cases, anaphylactic shock is possible. Even areas previously inhabited by the caterpillars can remain hazardous due to the wind-borne hairs. While antihistamines can help manage the irritation, Krzyżyński advises avoiding contact with the insects and their nests. The moth originates from southeastern Europe, and its increasing prevalence is linked to climate change, with warmer spring months facilitating its spread. Biologists warn that rising temperatures in Poland could lead to more frequent observations of this species.

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We are unlucky with the lifestyle of the processionary caterpillars.