On this day, September 7: Queen Elizabeth I and director Elia Kazan were born

September 7 is associated with the birth of England's Queen Elizabeth I in 1533. The daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn, she ruled from 1558 to 1603, a period in which the foundations of the future British Empire were laid. She supported science and the arts, and the architectural style associated with her era became known as Elizabethan.

The date also recalls the death of Croatian ban Nikola Šubić Zrinski during the 1566 Battle of Siget, the 1701 treaty at The Hague that formed the Second Grand Alliance against France, and the 1714 Treaty of Baden, which ended the War of the Spanish Succession.

In 1764, Stanisław II Poniatowski, a Russian client, was crowned king of Poland. During his reign, Russia, Prussia and Austria carried out the three partitions of Poland. In 1788, Ottoman forces captured and killed Koča Anđelković, a leader of Serbian volunteers in the Austro-Turkish War. The volunteers' struggle became known as Kočina Krajina.

The Battle of Borodino ended on September 7, 1812, near Moscow. Russian forces under Kutuzov lost 44,000 soldiers, while Napoleon's army lost 50,000, including 23 generals. Napoleon entered Moscow a week later. The name Uncle Sam appeared in the United States in 1813, in an editorial in the New York newspaper Troy Post.

Other events listed include Brazil's declaration of independence from Portugal by Prince Pedro in 1822, Garibaldi's capture of Naples in 1860, and the 1901 Beijing Protocol ending the Boxer Uprising. The timeline also marks the births of film director Elia Kazan in 1909 and physicist James Van Allen in 1914. In 1940, German aircraft under Hermann Göring began bombing London, killing more than 300 people on the first day.