Ukraine's post-war democracy faces familiar shadows of corruption and populism

Ukraine's democracy confronts significant hurdles as it navigates the post-war landscape, even if a peace settlement satisfies most citizens. Russia's war has thrust the nation into uncharted territory, bringing about a societal impact comparable to a revolution. This conflict has not only shattered the existing social contract between the public and the elite but has also fundamentally redefined Ukrainian statehood.

The war underscored the vital role of civil society, encompassing volunteer efforts, grassroots mobilization, independent media, and influencers. It simultaneously revealed the vulnerabilities within state institutions and the legal system, compelling the armed forces and security services to adapt swiftly. However, as history shows, even revolutionary change inherits traits from the past.

Corruption and populism have long hindered Ukraine's development. A 2020 Financial Times editorial noted President Volodymyr Zelensky's challenges in dismantling the oligarchic state capture that has plagued Ukraine since 1991. The paper criticized Zelensky, labeling him a "textbook populist," for favoring popular quick fixes over tackling the deep-rooted problems.

Following his 2019 election, Zelensky leveraged his broad support to gain unprecedented control over government branches. His administration's early focus on "turbo regime" and "deoligarchization" aimed to reform the political system and purge entrenched oligarchic influence and corruption. Yet, reports suggest that even after Russia's full-scale invasion in 2022, figures within Zelensky's circle allegedly continued illicit enrichment schemes. Several key executive figures have since faced corruption investigations.

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no matter how profound the revolution, the new order inherits important traits and patterns of the old one.