UNFPA: Young people still want children but face economic and social hurdles

Young people worldwide, including in Indonesia, still aspire to marry and start families, but economic and social obstacles increasingly hinder these plans, according to the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA). The organization highlights that declining fertility rates do not reflect a diminished desire for children, but rather the significant challenges young generations face in realizing their family aspirations.

This issue is central to the 2026 World Population Day, with this year's discussion broadening to encompass the demographic challenges confronting numerous nations. Hassan Mohtashami, UNFPA Indonesia Representative, noted that while the theme echoes last year's focus on youth, the scope is now more expansive. Globally, about two-thirds of countries have fertility rates below the replacement level of 2.1 children per woman. Indonesia's rate is slightly above this at approximately 2.13 children per woman, according to the 2025 Intercensal Population Survey, while life expectancy continues to rise, increasing the elderly population.

A UNFPA survey, the Demographic Futures Survey 2025–2026, polled over 108,000 respondents aged 18-39 in 73 countries. It revealed that a majority of young people wish to marry and have children. However, financial insecurity, job uncertainty, and housing affordability are major deterrents. Rahmi Dian Agustino, Communications Analyst at UNFPA Indonesia, identified financial conditions, housing security, and global uncertainties like conflicts as the primary hurdles.

The survey also exposed a paradox: while 58 percent of young respondents feel they have opportunities for the future, 60 percent perceive a wide generational gap in their countries. Furthermore, only 39 percent believe governments provide adequate support for young people, with limited policies aiding young parents or balancing work and family life. Indonesian officials acknowledge the need to prepare for the nation's demographic future, given these trends.