Caral archaeologists discover ancient structure in Áspero linked to astronomy and fishing

In a remarkable discovery that sheds new light on the sophisticated knowledge systems of the ancient Caral Civilization, an archaeological team has unearthed an ancestral structure in Áspero, Supe Puerto. This finding, spearheaded by the esteemed Dr. Ruth Shady Solís, points to a specialized space meticulously designed for astronomical observation, intricately linked to the vital activities of fishing and shellfish gathering that sustained this coastal community.

The structure, identified within the Sector J1 excavations, was strategically positioned to offer a clear view of both the coastline and the lower Supe valley. Researchers believe the ancient inhabitants utilized this vantage point to meticulously track celestial bodies like the Sun, Moon, and stars. This astronomical knowledge was not merely for academic pursuit; it was a practical tool, enabling them to forecast weather patterns, predict tidal shifts, and anticipate the availability of marine resources, thereby informing their economic and social planning.

This significant discovery was unveiled during the commemoration of 21 years of dedicated research, conservation, and valorization of the Áspero archaeological site (3000–1800 BC). The find further solidifies Áspero's standing as one of the earliest cradles of knowledge in the Americas. The architectural evolution of the site, spanning four distinct construction periods, reveals a dynamic history, transitioning from a ceremonial public building to a space increasingly dedicated to ritualistic observation, evidenced by features like an oval platform with a central stone (huanca) and later additions including a double-staggered platform with a ceremonial hearth.

From the perspective of Peruvian archaeology, this discovery is particularly exciting. It underscores the advanced understanding of natural cycles possessed by the Caral people, demonstrating a profound connection between their spiritual beliefs, their scientific observations, and their subsistence strategies. Unlike many Western interpretations that might focus solely on the astronomical aspect, here in Peru, we recognize how this knowledge was fundamentally integrated into the daily lives and economic survival of this ancient coastal society, highlighting a holistic approach to understanding and interacting with their environment.

“

The finding, led by Dr. Ruth Shady Solís, allowed the identification of a specialized space that would have been used by ancient inhabitants of the Caral Civilization to record astronomical phenomena and anticipate changes in climate, tides, and the availability of marine resources, fundamental elements for the economic and social organization of this fishing town.