Indonesian Ulema Council Marks 52 Years, Reflects on Dual Role

The Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) is preparing to mark its 52nd anniversary on July 26, 2026. Established on July 26, 1975, MUI has evolved into a crucial institution shaping religious and national life in Indonesia. Its 52-year journey has been marked by various political, social, cultural, and religious dynamics that have influenced modern Indonesia.

This milestone is viewed not merely as an annual celebration but as an opportunity for critical reflection. It prompts an examination of MUI's past contributions, a reassessment of its current path, and a reaffirmation of its strategic identity and role. Historically, MUI emerged from the collective aspirations of Islamic scholars and intellectuals seeking to represent the community's voice amidst the New Order government's intensive national development efforts. Over time, MUI has strived to maintain independence, acting critically and prioritizing the welfare of the community, rather than solely serving as a government partner.

A key question for this anniversary is whether the community fully understands MUI's role and contributions, and whether MUI itself has undertaken sufficient internal reforms to address evolving contemporary challenges. The anniversary is seen as a timely moment to contemplate these issues. MUI uniquely occupies a position at the intersection of the state and society, functioning as both a partner to the government ('shadiqul hukumah') and a servant of the people ('khodimul ummah'). These dual roles, often perceived as contradictory, represent both MUI's strength and its challenges.

As a government partner, MUI has direct access to convey the community's aspirations into policy. Its fatwas on issues ranging from drug abuse and corruption to radicalism, terrorism, Islamic economics, and vaccination have guided government decisions. During the COVID-19 pandemic, MUI's guidance on prayer and burial protocols, aligned with health measures, was instrumental in the government's social restrictions. This demonstrates a productive partnership, not a passive relationship. However, MUI must retain its critical stance, avoiding the role of a mere government spokesperson or a tool for legitimizing policies. It must continue to uphold the principle of 'amar ma'ruf nahi munkar', promoting good and preventing evil, even when government policies deviate from justice and the community's welfare.