Nigeria Police Need Deeper Reform, Not State Policing, to Function Effectively, Security Expert Momodu Asserts

In a nation grappling with persistent security challenges, the debate surrounding police reform has intensified, with security expert Sule Momodu offering a compelling alternative to the proposed state policing model. Momodu, a former Deputy Commander-General of the National Drug Law Enforcement Agency (NDLEA), contends that a deeper, more comprehensive reform of the existing Nigeria Police Force is paramount. He asserts that the current federal structure, if properly decentralized and strengthened, can effectively address internal security needs without the inherent risks associated with establishing separate state police formations.

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My main concern is that many Nigerians still identify primarily along ethnic and religious lines rather than as citizens of one nation. In that context, state policing could prove counterproductive.

Momodu's critique of state policing is rooted in Nigeria's complex socio-political landscape. He voices significant concern that the prevalent ethnic and religious loyalties within the country could render state police forces counterproductive. In his view, such a system might amplify existing tensions, potentially leading to greater conflict rather than resolution, particularly in instances involving disputes between different ethnic or regional groups. This perspective highlights the delicate balance required when considering structural changes to law enforcement in a diverse nation like Nigeria.

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Instead, the existing federal structure should be decentralised. We already operate both federal and state laws, so a practical approach would be to appoint two Commissioners of Police per state: one responsible for enforcing state laws and the other for federal laws.

As a viable alternative, Momodu champions a decentralized federal policing model. He suggests amending Section 215(4) of the Constitution to empower state governments to issue directives to Commissioners of Police, who would be obligated to comply without needing presidential or IG approval. Furthermore, he proposes appointing two Commissioners of Police per state—one for state laws and another for federal laws—and ensuring that officers, particularly at the constable to inspector ranks, are deployed to their home states to foster better community relations and effectiveness. This approach aims to enhance accountability and responsiveness while mitigating the risks associated with ethnically divided policing structures.

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Section 215(4) of the Constitution should first be amended to empower state governments to give directives to Commissioners of Police, who must comply.