UNESCO Declares Mount Amel Castles in Lebanon World Heritage in Danger

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has placed the castles of Mount Amel in southern Lebanon on its List of World Heritage in Danger. This urgent decision comes in response to ongoing Israeli bombardments in the region, stemming from the conflict with Hezbollah. The inscription directly acknowledges the severe threats facing these significant historical sites.

"This decision recognizes the exceptional universal value of a property that includes five historical castles... They are a testament to over five thousand years of political and military history," stated the Lebanese delegation from Busan, South Korea, where the 48th session of the World Heritage Committee is underway. The five castles, Beaufort, Toron, Dubieh, Maron, and Chama, were established as medieval fortifications in the 12th century, though some contain vestiges of much older occupations. UNESCO highlights their importance in reflecting the cultural and architectural exchanges of the medieval Middle East and documenting fortified architecture over nearly nine centuries.

During the committee session, the Israeli delegation challenged the nomination's claim that the site is threatened by Israeli occupation, instead pointing to Hezbollah as responsible for the site becoming a "military target." The nomination was examined through an emergency procedure due to the escalating conflict. UNESCO had previously expressed alarm in May over verified damage to the Chama citadel and attacks near the Beaufort castle.

The List of World Heritage in Danger is reserved for properties facing grave risks such as armed conflict, natural disasters, rapid deterioration, or urban development projects. Inclusion on this list enables the World Heritage Committee to mobilize immediate international assistance and implement urgent conservation measures. This listing follows closely on the heels of UNESCO declaring the city of Tyre, also in southern Lebanon, as World Heritage in Danger just two days prior, citing the direct impact of the conflict that erupted on February 28, 2026.

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This decision recognizes the exceptional universal value of a property that includes five historical castles... They are a testament to over five thousand years of political and military history.