Parents' Day in Korea: A Blend of Peace Movements and Filial Piety

The Hankyoreh's 'Eureka' column delves into the fascinating origins of Korea's Parents' Day, tracing its roots back to American peace activism and the evolving understanding of familial roles. While many Western nations observe separate Mother's and Father's Days, Korea's 'Eomei-nal' (Parents' Day) on May 8th offers a unique cultural perspective, blending Confucian ideals of filial piety with a modern acknowledgment of maternal sacrifice.

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In Korea, we established May 8th as Mother's Day in 1956, combining Confucian values of filial piety with American traditions.

It's crucial to understand that the American Mother's Day, which influenced Korea's observance, was initially a peace movement. Ann Reeves Jarvis, a public health activist, organized "Mother's Friendship Day" to promote peace after the Civil War, and Julia Ward Howe advocated for a "Mother's Day for Peace." This historical context is often overlooked in the commercialized celebrations we see today, a point The Hankyoreh highlights with the story of Anna Jarvis, who fought against the commercialization of the holiday she helped establish.

In Korea, the establishment of 'Eomei-nal' in 1956 as Mother's Day and its later expansion to Parents' Day in 1973 reflects a distinct societal evolution. The post-Korean War era necessitated recognizing the immense sacrifices of mothers who often bore the sole responsibility for family survival. The subsequent inclusion of fathers, creating a unified Parents' Day, speaks to the enduring strength of Confucian values emphasizing respect for elders and the family unit.

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In 1973, we changed the name to Parents' Day instead of having a separate Father's Day, in response to public opinion asking 'Why isn't there a Father's Day?'

This Korean approach offers a valuable counterpoint to Western traditions. While Western media often focuses on the consumerist aspects of Mother's Day, The Hankyoreh reminds us of its deeper origins in peace and sacrifice. Our observance of Parents' Day, therefore, is not just about gifts and flowers; it's a culturally ingrained practice that honors the foundational roles of both parents, particularly acknowledging the resilience and dedication of mothers in rebuilding families and society.

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Unfortunately, Mother's Day has since strayed from the ideals of its proponents, degenerating into a commercial holiday dominated by florists and card companies.